Heating roller



Oct. 24, 1950 R. s. scHAAB 'ET AL HEATING ROLLER 3 Sheets-Sheet l Filed Oct. 24, 1947 Oct. 24, 1950 R. s. sci-AAB ETAL HEATING ROLLER 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed OCT.. 24, 1947 INVENTOR.

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Oct. 24, 1950 R. s. scHAAB ETAL 2,525,906

HEATING ROLLER Filed Oct. 24, 1947 5 Sheets-Sheet, 5

IN V EN TOR. c/mab orney KudoZ/vf: 5. .fan E'dward Tz'sa PIMHII Patented Oct. 24, 1950 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE@A y HEATING ROLLER- Rudoiph S. Schaal), Bronxville, and John Edward Tiss, New York, N. Y., assigrnors of one-half to Irving Seidman, New York, N. Y.

Application october 24, 194.1, serai No. rasees This invention relates to electrical heating rollers or cylinders used with machines of various kinds where heat is required.

Broadly, it is an object of our invention to provide electrical heating coils to the interior of a roller.

More particularly, it is an object of our invention to provide various heating coils to the interior of rollers generally used in association with fur, textile and paper machines.

Another object of our invention is to provide a roller and shaft having a series of slip rings thereon which are in contact with a series of brushes for passing the current therethrough.

A further object is to provide heating units for rollers which will give a uniform and constant heat upon the surface of such rollers.

Still a further object is to provide an indication to show the operator at all times, including the period while the roller isrotating, the exact sur face temperature of the roller.

A further object is to provide automatic means for raising and lowering the surface temperature of the roller.

For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of our invention, reference is had to the following detailed description in connection. with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure l is a diagrammatic view of the roller, indicator magnetic circuit breakers and wiring diagram.

Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view taken through. the roller.

Figure 3 is a front elevation showing the resistance wire upon the ceramic sleeve 35.

Figure e is an enlarged section taken through line 4 4 of Figure 2.

.Figure 5 is a wiring diagram of the indicator controller unit.

Referring to the drawings, numeral H) .represente a roller having a working surfaceliia used connection with a machine. The roller I is mounted upon a shaft I which is revolvably retained upon bearings lli-Iii. A drive wheel I'I is placed at one end of the shaft I5 for revolving shaft I5 and the roller I 0. On one portion of the shaft E5 there are slip rings |3, IS, 2Q, 2|, 22 and 23 with a series of brushes 24, 25, 26, 2l, 28 and 23 adapted to engage the slip rings I2 to 23, inclusive, so that electrical circuits can be come pleted. To the brushes 24, 25 and 25 is brought the power supply. The brushes pass power to the slip rings I8, i9,v and 20. There are wire leads 53, 64 and 55 from the slip rings I8, I9 and 2D to the heating elements 3|, 32 and 3.3. The heating 4 Claims. (Cl. 21S-19) i vthe center coil 32.

around the diameter of the ceramic sleeve 35` element' or resistance wires 3|, 32 and 33 lie between a ceramic composition liner 34 preferably made of Zircon iron cement, and an inner liner 35 preferably made of Aa composition of alumina or silica and having a helical circumferential groove around the outer surface thereof and the heating coils or elements 3|, 32 and 33 rest with in such helical groove. In the process of placing the coils 3|, 32 and 33 within the helical groove, the coils are first placed Within the helical groove and the Zircon cement is then applied over the loutside of the coils and the liner 35 so that the Zircon cement will not lill the inside of the coil ,thus permitting room for expansion and contraction. n The resistance wire or ribbon is installed as close as possible to the inside of the cylinder wall of roller IU to assure proper electric insulation. The roller I!) acts as the housing for the inner liner 35 and liner 34. Wires 63, 54 and 65 are terminated onto slip rings I8, I9 and 20.

For a. three phase system, 220 volts, a nichrome resistance Wire is wound over a 3/16 mandrel. The two outside coils 3| and 33 are shorter than Coils 3| and 33 are wound The starting at the ends towards the center. spacing of the circular winding over the mandrel is staggered to start with a spacing on the outside ends closer from radius to radius than the spacing towards the ceiter of the roller; from the center towards the opposite end the spacing is decreased in the same manner. Instead of a wire, a ribbon can be substituted. Thus with the proper spacing of the resistance wire or ribbon, and the close proximity of the resistance Wire or ribbon to the inner wall of the rotating cylinder, and a good heat conducting electric insulating agent between the resistance wire or ribbon and the wall of the cylinder, the heatv created in the heating element assures an veven and uniform temperature on the outside or working surface of the rotating cylinder.

A thermo-switch is embedded at one end of `the roller and. close to the outer surface of said jswitch, a thermo-couple 5I may be` substituted or both may be used as shown in Figure l where the thermo-couple operates the indicator 52 and the thermo-switch 50 operates the magnetic circuit breaker 30. An indicator controller which reacts to the heat diiferential of a thermo-couple is employed to show visually through indication the actual heat of the working surface of the rotating cylinder while the cylinder is revolving and cuts in a magnetic circuit breaker to bring on the electric circuit to heat the resistance wire or ribbon. When the desired temperature is reached on the working surface of the rotating cylinder, the thermo-couple again activates the magnetic circuit breaker to cut off the electric supply, as shown in Figure 5. The magnetic switch 3D acts as the circuit breaker of the power line for the heating elements 3l, 32 and 33. Wires 58, 59 and 60 lead to the main power switch 53, while wires 55, 5E and 51 lead to the brushes 24, and 26, respectively.

A thermo-couple "ci is embedded several inches on one end of the roller, close to the outer surface of roller i0. One lead wire SS is connected from thermo-couple 5i to slip ring 2i and the other lead wire 58 is connected to slip ring 2?. from thermo-couple 5i. A lead wire 'iii passes from brush 2i to heat indicator 52 and the other wire il is cormected from brush 28 to indicator 52, thus completing another circuit.

Therino-switch 5B is activated through ternperature changes which induces a circuit to open or close within the thermo-switch 5B. Thus at a predetermined degree of heat it can be accurately controlled to bring or shut on power to the oper ation of the magnetic switch thus bringing or shutting off power to the heating elements 3l, 32 and 33.

in order to heat roller EB, the main switch 53 is closed thus giving power to the magnetic coil i2 through lead wire 62 and lead wire El coming through closed thermo-switch 59, thus closing magnetic switch 3d and closing wire circuits 58 to 5d to 55 and Si to 5?. When the ternperature of roller IG rises above the degree set on the thermo-switch 5G, the magnetic switch 30 opens so that the circuit is broken shutting off the magnetic coil 54 which in turn breaks the power supply to the heating elements 3l, 32 and 33.

referring to Fig. 5 of the rawings, the circuit shown in this figure is very similar to the circuit shown Fig. l except that the thermo-switch 5i) has been eliminated. Therefore, only iive slip rings hare `:een shown on Fig. 5 instead of the six shown on Fig. i. In addition, instead of the six station selector switch shown on Fig. 1 and the indicator 52 shown in association. with the selector switch, an indicatorcontroller unit 'l5 showing six terminals is used. The indicator 'l5 actuated by a thermo-couple 5l.

The thermo-couple 5l' embedded adjacent the surface ci roller i0 actuates a relay within the indicator controller i5. This relay operates the magnetic coil 'i2' in the magnetic switch 3E. The indicator' controller 'l5 is set by a movable row iii to the desired operating temperature for .e roller ld. When the thernioecouple 5I' 1 aches the temperature set by the arrow 1S, an indicating hand "513 moves upon the dial 'l1 and '-ln the indicating hand reaches the arrow i6 en preset to the desired temperature, the c.-

broken thus shutting off the current through the magnetic switch 3U'. When the temperature upon the surface of the roller drops below the temperature set by the arrow "I6 upon the indicating controller, a contact automatically closes, thus initiating the circuit again and closing the magnetic switch 30 and thus raising the temperature of roller I0 again to the desired predetermined temperature. This repeats itself from time to time thus maintaining practically a uniform temperature at the surface of the roller l0. By moving the arrow TB to a lower or higher temperature, the heat at roller I0' is greater or lesser depending upon the position of the arrow 16.

t is obvious that a greater or lesser number of heating elements may be embedded in roller i d depending upon the power supply and also on the temperature desired and also depending upon the length of the roller. It is also obvious that the parts may be rearranged without departing from the general spirit of the invention.

Instead of using a thermo-switch 5U, it is obvious that an indicating controller unit may be used in connection with a thermo-couple.

It is also obvious that additional wheels and discs may be added to the shaft to provide a greater or lesser degrees of heat, as desired. It is also obvious that Various changes and modifications can be made in the details of construction without departing from the general spirit of the invention.

We claim:

l. A rotating cylinder having a working surface comprising an outer sleeve, an intermediate dielectric heat conducting material and an inner sleeve, said intermediate dielectric heat conducting material between said outer sleeve and said inner sleeve, means for heating said cylinder internally, said means comprising embedded resistance coils at each end of Said cylinder and a central resistance coil, said coils laid in grooves in said inner sleeve surface, said coils embedded between said inner sleeve and said intermediate dielectric heat conducting material within said cylinder, said end coils spaced closer at each outer end thereof, said end resistance coils being of a lesser length at each outside end than its opposite end to operate at a higher temperature at each end than at the center of said cylinder to compensate for the greater dissipation of heat at the ends of said cylinder than at the center to provide uniform and constant heat along the working surface of said cylinder and automatic means for controlling the flow of current to said resistance coils for raising or lowering the temperature along the working surface of said cylinder.

2. A rotating cylinder for a multiple phase circuit comprising an inner ceramic s ve, a metal outer sleeve and an intermediate dielectric heat conducting material between said outer sleeve and said inner ceramic sleeve. grooves in said inner sleeve, resistance coils laid in said grooves in said inner sleeve, said coils embedded in said intermedia-te dielectric heat conducting material, said metal outer sleeve having a worke ing surface, the outer surface of said interni@ ate material being in fixed contact with the inner surface of said outer sleeve.

3. A rotating cylinder comprising an inner ceramic sleeve, two end resistance coils. and a central resistance coil, an intermediate heet conducting material and a metal outer sleeve having a working surface, said resistance coils efnbedded between said inner sleeve and said intermediate material, the outer surface of said intermediate material being in xed Contact with the inner surface of said outer sleeve, said. resistance coils wound around the outside of said inner sleeve and spaced closer at each end of said cylinder than at the center thereof, said end resistance coils being of a lesser length than said central resistance coil to compensate for the greater dissipation of heat at the ends than at the center of said cylinder and automatic means for controlling the iiow of current to said resistance coils for raising or lowering the temperature along the working surface of said cylinder.

4. A method of making a cylinder lby winding a resistance wire around a mandrel producing three coils, then removing said coils from said mandrel, then graduating the distance of the turns of two of said coils from small to large, then winding said two coils around the outside of a -ceramic sleeve with the small space between turns of said coils at the outer ends of said ceramic sleeve, then winding said third coil around the central portion of said ceramic sleeve, then covering said coils with a dielectric heat conducting material leaving an air space within said coils permitting expansion .and contraction of said coils, said dielectric heat conducting material permitting rapid withdrawal of said heat from said coils, then encasing said heat conducting material within a metal cylinder, said heat conducting material transmitting heat from said coils to the inside surface of said metal cylinder.

RUDOLPH S. SCHAAB. JOHN EDWARD TISO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 705,112 Mosher July 22, 1902 917,504 Teuber Apr. 6, 1909 977,625 Hadaway Dec, 6, 1910 1,110,532 .Byce Sept. 15, 1914 1,155,481 Hadaway, Jr. Oct. 5, 1915 1,334,876 Seymour Mar. 23, 1920 1,393,759 Daningburg 'Oct. 18, 1921 1,406,919 BOeCler Feb. 14, 1922 1,496,356 Noonan June 3, 1924 1,628,554 Pagano May 10, 1927 1,654,292 Keene et al Dec. 27, 1927 1,681,956 Shrner Aug. 28, 1928 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 239,766 Great Britain Sept. 17, 1925 

